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Technology in the world varies greatly from nation to nation, particularly in development. Prior to the Hundred Year War, the Fire Nation underwent an industrial revolution that rapidly advanced manufacturing and vehicular technology, allowing it to become more powerful than all the other nations. While the Earth Kingdom was slow to industrialize, its technology was still more developed than that of the nature-oriented Air Nomad civilization as well as the Water Tribe. The latter two societies mostly used sophisticated technology in conjunction with their corresponding bending arts, airbending and waterbending, respectively, and were more wary of causing damage to nature as a result of industrialization.[4]

In addition, technologies in general advanced differently based on bending. Some examples include the earthbending-powered monorail of Ba Sing Se and the use of lightning generation as a source of energy for power plants, applied extensively in Republic City.

Following the Hundred Year War, the industrial revolution spread to the Earth Kingdom, Water Tribes, and the newly founded United Republic of Nations. Great technological advances were made, including the widespread use of electricity, the invention of radios as well as telephones, and the development of automobiles and mechas. These changes raised the standards of living in much of the world, but also inadvertently reduced spirituality.

History[]

The long life of Avatar Kyoshi led to a time of long peace and prosperity across the four nations. After her death, the world was on the brink of a technological renaissance, which was made possible by inventors and technologists across the world collaborating to an unprecedented degree. New technological institutes and universities sprang up, and business and academia across the four nations worked together to solve the most pressing issues of the day. The result was the advent of the first true industrial revolution.

Between 54 - 58 BG, during the lifetime of Avatar Roku, the Four Nations Summit & Technological Symposium took place in Hari Bulkan, a meeting of diplomats, scientists, academics, and technological innovators from across all four nations. Representatives of each nations gathered with delegates planning to present different technological advancements.[5]

The new technology allowed nations to militarize to an unprecedented degree. The lack of raw materials and natural resources led to minor conflicts and diplomatic incidents, as nations looked to expand their reach.[6] This was a contributing factor to the Hundred Year War itself. During the war, the nations continued to innovate new technologies to gain an advantage over their enemies.

During the post-war peace in the lifetimes of Avatars Aang and Korra, another wave of rapid advancements in all fields of technology occurred. In just two hundred years, society underwent unprecedented change; significant improvements were made to communication, transportation, manufacturing, building infrastructure, and warfare technology. This process was a direct result of the Hundred Year War and later conflicts in the era of Korra, each of which in turn necessitated participating parties to create new technologies in order to discourage their opponents as well as lower battle costs and casualties.

The discovery of metalbending at the end of the war led to a great advantage in manufacturing, leading to new inventions. Additionally, the new age of peace allowed all nations to work together. The Fire Nation shared their industrial advancements with the rest of the world, while the Earth Kingdom used their newfound control over metal to advance technology. Electronics also advanced after the war, as more firebenders learned how to generate lightning and thus provide a reliable source of electricity.[7]

The new relationship between humans and spirits following the Harmonic Convergence in 171 AG also paved the way for further technological advancements, allowing spirit energy to be harnessed from Spirit Wild vines.[8]

Communication[]

Radio

A radio was used by the White Lotus sentries stationed at Air Temple Island.

Prior to the Hundred Year War, the primary form of long-distance communication was by sending a messenger bird carrying notes to and from the point of interest. Many people had personal messenger birds that could send messages to faraway locations at a relatively fast pace. However, this form of communication was not foolproof, as the birds did not always reach their destination.

After the Hundred Year War, advances in technology led to the introduction of telegraphy, which revolutionized long-distance communication. People living miles away from the broadcaster could receive messages instantaneously and partake in a conversation. Radios began being used by news broadcasters, sports commentators, and Republic City's police forces. Since many people had a personal radio, this type of broadcasting made it easy for small groups of people to communicate a message to a larger number of people in a region.

Aside from telegraphy, other innovative inventions were made in communication, such as the microphone and megaphone. These new sound amplifiers were commonly used in public events and protests, where it was imperative that all members of the audience be able to hear the words of the announcers clearly. Another significant innovation was the phonograph, which made sound recording possible. Telephones have also been developed, which make long-distance communication possible.

Transportation[]

Satomobile

The Satomobile was invented by Hiroshi Sato to be an affordable mode of transportation.

Before the advent of steam-powered and electric machines, travel in the world was difficult and arduous. During the reign of Earth King Yi Ming, the primary form of long-distance travel in the Earth Kingdom was by riding on animals. The animals that were used for transportation changed with location. Nobility traveled long distances by riding on animal-drawn carriages. Boats during this era were primitive as well, being limited to cutters, catamarans, barges, canoes, skiffs, and ferries. The Air Nomads traveled on their flying bison and flew around with their gliders.

The most notable issue with pre-industrial travel technology was that it often became unreliable. Since animals were so crucial to transportation, travel would easily be interrupted if the animals became tired, diseased, or injured. Animals would be harshly affected by rough terrain and inclement weather, especially if they were not familiar to the species. Sea travel was better trusted, although it did not come without its flaws either. Not all boats could travel everywhere; for example, cutters were specifically made to be able to bypass the icebergs surrounding the Southern Water Tribe, but would have no chance of getting past a swamp, for which skiffs were made. Other problems with pre-industrial travel technology included slow speed and limits on passenger amount.

During the latter half of the Hundred Year War, steam-powered machines were introduced. This new invention had immediate effects on warfare, which soon spread into transportation. By 100 AG, steam-powered trains had been introduced to the Fire Nation as a new form of public transportation. Unlike earlier forms of transportation, these trains could travel at high speeds and carry a lot of passengers in one ride. Trains also made travel much more convenient, as the ride was relaxing and smooth compared to traveling on the back of an animal. Despite being able to move only on land rails, they could still function on many types of terrain and weather.

Although trains radically changed travel, they did have a few setbacks. The foremost problem was that because they ran on rails, they could not go where rails had not been set. This meant that not everybody had access to trains or did not ride them because they were of no use. The solution did not come until decades later, when the automobile was invented. Being mass-produced in Republic City by 170 AG, the automobile was arguably the most important invention of the time.

Shortly after its invention, the automobile became the primary mode of transportation in Republic City, ousting mass transit. It quickly became crucial to the infrastructure of the city, as it permitted a faster way to move from place to place, traffic goods or supplies, and combat crime. Due to these changes, Republic City began to undergo an economic and construction boom. Trade became faster and easier, bolstering the city's already massive economy. Since construction materials flowed into the city more quickly, buildings were able to be erected faster and more often, which led to a separate economic boom and rise in population. When the city embraced the new invention, automobile manufacturers grew very wealthy. This allowed them to take bold steps in further developing the automobile. Soon, automobiles were being specialized for the needs of the consumers, for example, Future Industries, a major car manufacturing company, began making police vehicles specifically for the use of Republic City's Metalbending Police Force. Other specialized vehicles included racing cars, buses, and trucks. Future Industries also began to give their cars some style, as to make every consumer feel as though their vehicle is unique. Shortly thereafter, more diverse and complex cars began being manufactured, with the manufacturers taking into account what the consumers wanted.

A vehicular mode of transportation, automobiles ran on gasoline, becoming one of the first machines to do so. They were decorated metal boxes that came in multiple colors and ran on top of wheels. Automobiles had windows that let in light and seats that made room for passengers. The driver's seat, equipped with a steering wheel, was usually on the front left of the car. The engine of the car was typically on the outside, in front of the driver's seat.

In 171 AG, however, Varrick pioneered the development of a new magnetic rail line which increased the traveling speed of trains exponentially.[9] By 174 AG, rail lines had become prevalent throughout the lands of the Earth Kingdom and were installed within the United Republic of Nations as well, allowing for expedient cross-continental travel.[10]

Other less important, though still notable advancements in transportation were made. Late in the Hundred Year War, a highly secure prison known as the Boiling Rock was built in the Fire Nation. It was located on a volcanic island in the middle of a boiling lake, and the only way to get in or out of the prison complex was by riding on an elevated gondola, which ran beneath a suspended wire held high above the ground. The gondola itself was a rectangular prism-shaped metal box. Looking back at Republic City, the metropolis appeared to have a complex elevated railway system and a secret underground tramway being used by the Equalists for their own illegal purposes. Both were used for quick transportation and the trafficking of materials or goods.

Manufacturing[]

Future Industries manufacturing

Future Industries, one of the world's largest automobile manufacturers, utilizes revolutionary methods and technology to produce vehicles.

Manufacturing technology improved significantly during and after the Hundred Year War. The Fire Nation, which was the leading country in technological advancements during the Hundred Year War, was able to mass-produce large metal warships and airships by 100 AG, a feat that was not previously accomplished by any other nation. The Northern Air Temple was also known to have had a complex system of manufacturing at the time; there were two rooms specifically built for this purpose — the workshop and the sanctuary. The workshop was where the mechanist would conduct experiments and tests with new inventions and prototypes. He kept many blueprints here, ranging from gliders to hot air balloons. The sanctuary was the place where the mechanist would secretly manufacture warfare technology for the Fire Nation. The manufacturing technology there was on-par with that of the Fire Nation, being able to mass-produce large and deadly metal objects.

In 170 AG, manufacturing technology had advanced even further. By this time, Republic City had an entire sector in the south of the metropolis built solely for manufacturing companies. One of the most important businesses here was Future Industries, which was among the largest automobile manufacturers in the world. It was the first company known to have used the assembly line manufacturing technique, in which the parts-to-be-manufactured were placed on a conveyor belt that conveniently moves them through different stations in the factory. Each station had a different purpose and job. This technique allowed cars to be made faster and more often. Also, it lessened the need for human labor.

Air Nomads[]

Sanctuary door

The Southern Air Temple sanctuary door demonstrated the Air Nomads' technological knowledge.

The Air Nomads were never industrialized. Their insistence on making the least amount of environmental impact on the world as possible, and their relatively peaceful way of life, meant that they were satisfied with conventional and classic technology. The massive flying bison also covered all their long distance travel needs, along with being the fastest and most versatile method of transportation of people and goods in the world for centuries. The Air Nomads did however have enough technical knowledge to produce their own gliders. One facet of their culture that affected any possible advancement was that the entire nation was made up of benders, negating any need for the consideration of non-benders in their society. By 170 AG, when technology had become widespread, they did not have prohibitions against devices such as lamps, radios, and telephones on Air Temple Island.

Examples of technology[]

  • Air temple sanctuary door — This door is opened only through the use airbending, by sending a gust of air through two trumpet-like objects, which eventually turn three locks that unlock the door.[11] It seems that the structure itself can be entered without the need of airbending, as the mechanist was able to enter the sanctuary in the Northern Air Temple without having to open the door.[2]
  • Staff — A support tool that airbenders have frequently used for assistance in airbending.
  • Wingsuit — An outfit designed by Asami Sato and constructed by Future Industries for the new Air Nation.[12] It offered more maneuverability and aerodynamic movement, enabling the user to have greater control over their motions in the air.
  • Shaving tool — One of several types of sharpened objects used for the removal of unwanted body hair through shaving.[13]

Water Tribe[]

The Water Tribe are some of the best boat builders in the world, and in fact the initial designs of the Water Tribe boatwright Massak were instrumental in the development of the Fire Nation's coal-powered fleet.[14] The Water Tribe also made advances in how to craft better winter survival gear, necessitated by their harsh climate, as well as climbing gear to navigate rough terrain.[15] The Northern Water Tribe had achieved moderate advances in technology, as made evident by many complex hydraulics-based structures present in the city. Though its southern counterpart lacked access to industrial technology during the war years due to its small population and limited resources, heavy modernization and the establishment of international trade following the Hundred Year War has resulted in rapid development in the Southern Water Tribe, resulting in the emergence of a shipping industry and several skyscrapers in the city. The Southern Water Tribe entrepreneur |Varrick invented the first motion pictures.

Examples of technology[]

Canal

The Northern Water Tribe's canal system contains a series of locks.

  • Battlecruisers — Modern warships used by the Northern Water Tribe. They are similar in design to those used by the United Forces.[13]
  • Canal — Canal lock system in the Northern Water Tribe passable only through the use of waterbending.
    • In addition to this, much of their architecture involved ice, a substance they could bend into formations. The Northern Water Tribe featured large walls and buildings, and it was seen in Hama's flashback of the Southern Tribe that it once had large walls and igloos as well. In its lack of benders, the southern tribe was reduced to animal-skin tents. Later, this was restored, and the ice structures are again present.
  • Ice torpedo — A weapon designed for the waterbending-powered submarines, used during the invasion of the Fire Nation.[3]
  • Motion picture projector — A device invented by Varrick in order to project films onto a screen.[16]
  • Qulliq — A soapstone lamp that provides light and warmth.[17]
  • Snowmobile — A small motorized vehicle, designed for use in a snowy landscape.[13]
  • Tangle mines — Aquatic bomb invented by Hakoda, also called the "stink 'n sink".[18]
  • Waterbending-powered submarine — An underwater naval vessel used in the invasion of the Fire Nation, envisioned by Sokka and built by the mechanist.[3]

Earth Kingdom[]

When the world was on the brink of a technological renaissance during the life of Avatar Roku, the Earth Kingdom's technology began to stagnate. This was not because there were no innovative minds, but because of the greed and corruption of Earth King Jialun and his government: Any new technology was seized by the crown and gifted out to vassals as the Earth King saw fit.[19] Early attempts at international collaboration in technology and academia were seen as plots to deploy spies all over the world.[6]

By the Hundred Year War, the wider Earth Kingdom was on the brink of a true industrial revolution, with the limited manipulation of steam and metal machines toward the end of the war, most of which were invented by the mechanist. Many of their technologies have earthbending as their main sources of power. The Earth Kingdom has adopted many innovations from the United Republic and the Fire Nation in the post-war era. However, the Earth Kingdom is incredibly varied, and technological progress differs between regions. Certain cities such as Zaofu are full of cutting-edge innovations, while rural areas may generally appear as they did in previous generations.[20][9] Some cities such as Gaoling have made obvious advances, but have not adopted technological changes as fast as in the United Republic.[21]

Examples of technology[]

Omashu mail cart

The Omashu delivery system is operated using earthbending.

  • Brainwashing — The alteration or control of someone's mind through various methods. Such techniques were first developed by Long Feng and the Dai Li in order to incapacitate those who opposed him during the Conspiracy of Ba Sing Se.[22] Later, in 171 AG, Doctor Sheng combined the enhanced indoctrination techniques of the Dai Li with modern technology to create a more permanent way to control people's mind by using magnetic waves to alter their brain.[21]
  • Monorail — Enormous train network stretching across the whole city of Ba Sing Se, connecting all three rings. It serves as the city's mass transit system. The monorail is pushed from one end of the rail network to the other by a group of elite earthbenders.[23]
  • Earth Kingdom ferries — Vessels powered by a paddle wheel.
  • Fireworks — Explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.
  • Omashu delivery system — The Omashu mail system is a linking slide that spreads for miles in the city of Omashu. Earthbenders use their bending to place carts filled with a variety of cargo in specific lanes. Gravity provides the carts with potential energy, which they use to maneuver through the mail system. The parcels arrive at specific stations, where they are reloaded and sent to another lane.[24]
  • Planetary calendar room — An enormous mechanical planetarium constructed by the spirit Wan Shi Tong and a prominent feature of his vast library.[25]
  • Sand-sailers — Gliders used by sandbenders to travel through the Si Wong Desert. They are equipped with compasses that allow the users to determine their position relative to the Si Wong Rock.[26]
  • Zaofu airship — A zeppelin-like aircraft used by the Metal Clan and later manufactured by the Earth Empire.[27]

The mechanist[]

Teo's glider

The mechanist developed modified glider designs that would allow anyone to take flight.

The mechanist is a prolific technological innovator from the Earth Kingdom. He has settled in the Northern Air Temple after the flooding of his village. The mechanist created schematics and sample weapons for the Fire Nation as payment for safe refuge in the temple. His invention of the hot air balloon allowed the Fire Nation to develop a powerful air force. His real name is never revealed.

Inventions[]

Earthbending-powered tank

Earthbending-powered tanks were used in the invasion of the Fire Nation.

  • Eclipse glasses — Special glasses worn during an eclipse to prevent eye damage upon eye contact.[28]
  • Electric lamp — Made to brighten badgermole tunnels.[29]
  • Elevators — Machines invented by the mechanist to lift people to high elevations. War Minister Qin rode one up to the mechanist's workshop for blueprints, as well as another man used one in the temple riding one up to a platform. These are steam driven.[2]
  • Gliders — Simple flying apparatus based on the airbenders' gliders.[2]
  • Hot air balloon — Experimental weapon developed for the Fire Nation.
  • Ice torpedo — A weapon designed for the waterbending-powered submarines, used during the invasion of the Fire Nation.[3]
  • Peanut sauce bombs — Explosive weapons (failed).[3]
  • Time candles — Candles used to determine the time.[2]
  • Timing device — Apparatus used to keep track of time during an eclipse.[28]
  • Waterbending-powered submarines — Naval vehicles used in the invasion of the Fire Nation; they were envisioned by Sokka and built by the mechanist.[3]

Fire Nation[]

Historically, Fire Nationals have held the reputation of being resourceful,[30] and their nation was traditionally one of the most advanced states in the world.[31] In the early 3rd century BG, the Fire Nation government already sponsored major researchers and inventors such as Tei Eesoni.[32] At this point in history, the Fire Nation already used early types of ironclad warships which used both sails as well as steam engines.[33]

By the 1st century BG, the Fire Nation had entered a large-scale industrial revolution.[5][34] As prince, Sozin personally supported scholar Dalisay, who specialized in metallurgy to further strengthen the Fire Nation's industry.[35] After Sozin rose to Fire Lord, his nation began to collect large quantities of meteorite metal. The world was on the brink of the first true industrial revolution, and many nations recognized the value of meteorite metal, which was unbreakable when forged. The Fire Nation had great plans for the meteorite metal, and Minister Khuchtei speculated that it could be used to improve on Fire Lord Sozin's prototypes for overland war vehicles in order to construct metal tanks.[5][36]

The Fire Nation was the most technologically advanced nation during the Hundred Year War. A majority of the Fire Nation technologies are made out of metal and fueled by burning coal. Being the orchestrators of the Hundred Year War, many of these technologies are war-oriented.

Examples of technology[]

  • Ballista — Huge crossbow type weapon that uses torsional force to propel generally smaller and lighter projectiles, for example darts or arrows, much further and faster than a catapult or similar device.
  • Cannon — Powerful artillery mounted to Fire Nation airships, used for launching high explosives.[37]
Ballista

A ballista is made ready to shoot.

  • Coal-powered ship — Designed and engineered by Nyn Chei.[38]
  • Fire Nation airship — A massive aerial vehicle built from the foundation of the war balloon.[28]
  • Fire Nation drill — A very large, hydraulic metal drill designed to penetrate the walls of Ba Sing Se, so that the Fire Nation could conquer the Earth Kingdom capital and ultimately win the War.[1]
  • Fire Nation trebuchet — Catapults used to conduct long-range warfare. They have appeared in different sizes from being huge fixed catapults on Fire Nation ships to small portable catapults to be used by infantry.[39]
  • Fireworks — Explosive pyrotechnic device used primarily for aesthetic and entertainment purposes. Used in the Fire Days Festival.
  • Great Gates of Azulon — Built to prevent enemies from entering the Fire Nation Capital, the Great Gates of Azulon are a large set of gates that are capable of being set on fire.[3]
  • Gondola — This gondola was seen used at the Boiling Rock prison as a transport for prisoners and personnel. It was also used in Sokka's escape plan.[40][41]
  • Hand cannon — Existed by the time of Avatar Kyoshi. Examples can be made of bronze and are single-shot weapons.[29]
  • Hot air balloon — War balloon that uses a small valve in the top of the vehicle that allows control of the balloon's motion.[2]
  • Jet ski — Steam-powered jet skis perfect for short-range water travel and warfare.[42]
  • Tank train — A Fire Nation engineering marvel. It is a cross between a tank and a train.[43]
  • Tundra tank — Large armored vehicles.[2]

United Republic of Nations[]

Republic City is the vanguard of industrial and technological development. The diversity at the heart of the city helps new ideas grow and improve quickly, and the leaders of Republic City have always shown interest in adopting technological innovations to aid the city. From desalination technology to advanced transportation technology, Republic City has adopted new technologies to improve the lives of all of its people, benders and nonbenders alike. This is also one of the key sources of tension between benders and nonbenders; new technologies often grant nonbenders the ability to perform work normally only available to benders. For example, the mecha tanks and suits, now in use by construction companies, were originally designed to allow a nonbender to battle and overwhelm benders. Some of the most recent technologies that find wide usage in Republic City exceed the capacities of even the most powerful benders.[44]

A new generation of technological futurists argues that high technological development upsets the status quo of benders and aristrocrats, empowering the common people. Afer all, a modern citizen of Republic City can have clean water piped into their room, heatless lights shining through the night, and even automatic breezes generated by electric fans. However, any time a new technology arrives, it effects cannot be predicted, especially not when the rich or powerful are more willing to sell it — as much and as quickly as possible — instead of applying it responsibly. Varrick himself has changed his tune in this respect over the years, and while he is far from restrained, he is no longer committed to a mindset of progress at all costs.

The hunger for progress, to move forward, to change things and grow and leave the past behind, continues to provide new wonders and new problems. The leaders and people of the city hold the ultimate responsibility to balance this hunger with restraint, caution, and care, especially on behalf of those who cannot defend themselves from the wildest changes.[45]

Spirit vine energy, in particular, is a new area of contention around technological development in Republic City. Some pieces of spirit vine energy technology can be found in parts of the Earth Kingdom, but much of that technology is in confiscated Earth Empire weaponry and in the remains of the shattered Colossus. Those weapons are due for decommissioning and disarmament, but not all of them have yet been defanged. The access to spirit vine technology and resources means Republic City is the focal point of the greatest potential to build and research more, but Avatar Korra has made clear that she opposes any such investigation. Furthermore, President Zhu Li Moon supports the Avatar with a general ban on that research. Iknik Blackstone Varrick, the creator of the core theories behind this technology, decided that he will not condone or conduct these studies. However, none of this has stopped other scientists and corporate leaders from continuing to lobby and argue for conducting such research, even doing so illegally in some cases.[44]

Republic City plays host to a multitude of technological advancements, such as automobiles, police airships, microphones, and radios.[46] Radio is in use across the city, and as technologists create new and better transmitters and receivers, the capacity to instantaneously speak across great distances only grows stronger. Airships have changed the nature of travel across the world. Automotive vehicles have altered transportation across the globe, and there is no greater concentration of them than in Republic City.[44]

Examples of technology[]

Motor vehicles

Vehicular traffic comprises a major part of Republic City's transportation infrastructure.

  • Automobiles — Automobiles are used throughout Republic City, and come in a variety of different types, including cars, trucks, and motorcycles.[47]
  • Automated printing press — A device that enables papers like leaflets and newspapers to be mass-produced quickly. One was uncovered by the Metalbending Police Force during a search for Equalist propaganda at Cabbage Corp.[48]
  • Battleships — Large ships used by the United Forces during naval warfare. Each battleship bears the characteristic insignia of each of the three nations. Battleships have Earth Kingdom insignias located on their bows and hulls, Fire Nation insignias on their guns, and Water Tribe insignias also on the hulls. The hulls are also decorated with two large, golden dragons on the bow of the ship.[49]
  • Cameras — A camera is a device that captures and stores images. Mostly used by Republic City reporters and journalists alike.
  • Clock — A clock is used to measure time.
  • Electrified gloves — Small, hand-mounted electroshock devices used to immobilize people on contact.
  • Highway system — A system of elevated roadways that allow for traffic to move through the city on many different paths.[46]
  • Flashlights — A flashlight is a device used to illuminate dark spots, usually looking for something. Flashlights are used by the Metalbending Police Force to do security sweeps.
  • Intercom system — An electronic sound system that is manually turned on and off at will. The user simply speaks into a microphone and the message is sent to wherever speakers are placed. Systems such as this are used on battleships.
  • Mecha tank — A large mechanized suit originally manufactured by Hiroshi Sato for use by the Equalists. Constructed out of solid platinum, it is impervious to metalbending.
  • Microphones — A device that amplifies sound. It is used to announce the start of pro-bending matches, and can also be installed on police vehicles, allowing officers to address a large mob or crowd.[50] A larger but related device, known as the megaphone, can also amplify sound, and is used by public speakers to attract a large audience.[46]
Naval mine

A submerged naval mine is used to sink intruding ships.

  • Naval mine — A floating explosive device that explodes when a ship makes contact with it. Several of these mines were used to disable General Iroh's fleet of battleships. It is different from a tangle mine as it only explodes.
  • Phonographs — A small appliance that spins a record in order to play music on the record. It is popular enough that whole stores in Republic City are dedicated to selling them.[46]
  • Plasma saws — Future Industries employs industrial plasma saws to cut platinum. Hiroshi Sato aided in adapting the welding torches on Asami's hummingbird mecha suits into more portable plasma saws by adding an electrical element to it.[51]
  • Police airship — Large airships are used by the police force of Republic City to monitor various criminal activities from above.
  • Police scanner — A device that allows someone to listen in on Metalbending Police Force radio conversations. One is installed in the black Satomobile sports car that Asami Sato utilized during an anti-Equalist patrol.[50]
  • Power grid — The method of powering a large city with electricity. It distributes power to certain parts of a metropolis. Councilman Tarrlok once shut down power to the Dragon Flats borough because of a supposed Equalist rally.[50]
  • Power plant — The main source of energy for power plants in Republic City. Firebenders use lightning generation to produce energy.[7]
  • Radios — Radios are devices used to transmit radio broadcasts to the citizens of Republic City. Events such as pro-bending matches or speeches are often broadcasted through the use of radios.
  • Smoke grenades — Smoke grenades are devices that, when used, create a thick layer of smoke, greatly impeding visibility.[52]
  • Spirit vine energy — Given the world's burgeoning power demands, some inventors now look to spirit energy as a possible solution. The potential for this new energy source seems near-limitless with new technologies and urbanization on the rise. However, many people, such as Avatar Korra, are wary of spirit energy due to Kuvira's creation of a destructive super weapon. They believe that spirit-based energy is a non-starter, not only because of the destruction it can cause, but also for how it could potentially harm humans' relationship with the spirtis even more.[53]
  • Stoplights — A small electrical fixture at intersections and other various road sections in Republic City that controls the flow of traffic to make it safer.
Tenzin using a telephone

Tenzin received news regarding Avatar Korra's kidnapping via telephone.

  • Telephones — Telephones serve as a system of communication in Republic City, allowing two people separated by large distances to talk to each other.[48] Some calls are managed by a switchboard, such as the one located in the police headquarters.
  • Trams and mine-cart systems — Used primarily by the Equalists to travel through the tunnels beneath Republic City, the trams and mine-carts are vital in transporting goods and people between various Equalist hideouts.[54]

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  15. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Wan Shi Tong's Adventure Guide, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 104.
  16. Hedrick, Tim (writer) & Heck, Colin (director). (September 13, 2013). "Rebel Spirit". The Legend of Korra. Book Two: Spirits. Episode 1. Nickelodeon.
  17. Yee, F. C. (author). (July 19, 2022). Chapter Eighteen "A Place to Lay One's Head". The Dawn of Yangchen. Amulet Books.
  18. DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Volpe, Giancarlo (director). (December 1, 2006). "The Guru". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 2. Episode 19. Nickelodeon.
  19. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Core Book, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 54.
  20. Hedrick, Tim, Hamilton, Joshua (writers) & Heck, Colin, Zwyer, Melchior (directors). (June 27, 2014). "Rebirth". The Legend of Korra. Book Three: Change. Episode 2. Nickelodeon.
  21. 21.0 21.1 DiMartino, Michael Dante (writer), Wong, Michelle (artist), Ng, Killian (colorist). Ruins of the Empire Part Two (November 12, 2019), Dark Horse Comics.
  22. From older Avatar: The Last Airbender official site, originally on Nick.com. Encyclopedia now broken, archived at The Lost Lore of Avatar Aang - Character: Long Feng.
  23. O'Bryan, John (writer) & Spaulding, Ethan (director). (November 17, 2006). "The Earth King". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 2. Episode 18. Nickelodeon.
  24. O'Bryan, John (writer) & Lioi, Anthony (director). (March 18, 2005). "The King of Omashu". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 1. Episode 5. Nickelodeon.
  25. O'Bryan, John (writer) & Volpe, Giancarlo (director). (July 14, 2006). "The Library". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 2. Episode 10. Nickelodeon.
  26. Hedrick, Tim (writer) & MacMullan, Lauren (director). (July 14, 2006). "The Desert". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 2. Episode 11. Nickelodeon.
  27. Hamilton, Joshua (writer) & Heck, Colin (director). (July 25, 2014). "The Terror Within". The Legend of Korra. Book Three: Change. Episode 8. Nickelodeon.
  28. 28.0 28.1 28.2 Ehasz, Aaron (writer) & Dos Santos, Joaquim (director). (November 30, 2007). "The Day of Black Sun, Part 2: The Eclipse". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 3. Episode 11. Nickelodeon.
  29. 29.0 29.1 Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Core Book, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 28.
  30. Avatar: The Last Airbender: Legacy of the Fire Nation, page 14.
  31. Avatar: The Last Airbender: Legacy, page 42.
  32. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Uncle Iroh's Adventure Guide, Version 1.0, 2024, p. 91.
  33. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Uncle Iroh's Adventure Guide, Version 1.0, 2024, p. 87.
  34. Avatar: The Last Airbender: Legacy, page 39.
  35. Ribay, Randy (author). (July 23, 2024). Epilogue. The Reckoning of Roku. Amulet Books.
  36. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Wan Shi Tong's Adventure Guide, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 98.
  37. Ehasz, Elizabeth Welch (writer) & Dos Santos, Joaquim (director). (July 17, 2008). "The Southern Raiders". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 3. Episode 16. Nickelodeon.
  38. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Core Book, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 49.
  39. Seen throughout Avatar: The Last Airbender.
  40. Chan, May (writer) & Dos Santos, Joaquim (director). (July 16, 2008). "The Boiling Rock, Part 1". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 3. Episode 14. Nickelodeon.
  41. Hamilton, Joshua (writer) & Spaulding, Ethan (director). (July 16, 2008). "The Boiling Rock, Part 2". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 3. Episode 15. Nickelodeon.
  42. Hamilton, Joshua (writer) & Spaulding, Ethan (director). (October 5, 2007). "The Painted Lady". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 3. Episode 3. Nickelodeon.
  43. Hamilton, Joshua (writer) & Volpe, Giancarlo (director). (May 26, 2006). "The Chase". Avatar: The Last Airbender. Season 2. Episode 8. Nickelodeon.
  44. 44.0 44.1 44.2 Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Republic City, Version 1.0, 2023, p. 14.
  45. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Republic City, Version 1.0, 2023, p. 25.
  46. 46.0 46.1 46.2 46.3 DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Dos Santos, Joaquim, Ryu, Ki Hyun (directors). (April 14, 2012). "Welcome to Republic City". The Legend of Korra. Book One: Air. Episode 1. Nickelodeon.
  47. DiMartino, Michael Dante (writer) & Graham, Ian (director). (September 27, 2013). "Civil Wars, Part 2". The Legend of Korra. Book Two: Spirits. Episode 4. Nickelodeon.
  48. 48.0 48.1 DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Dos Santos, Joaquim, Ryu, Ki Hyun (directors). (May 19, 2012). "The Aftermath". The Legend of Korra. Book One: Air. Episode 7. Nickelodeon.
  49. DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Dos Santos, Joaquim, Ryu, Ki Hyun (directors). (June 23, 2012). "Skeletons in the Closet". The Legend of Korra. Book One: Air. Episode 11. Nickelodeon.
  50. 50.0 50.1 50.2 DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Dos Santos, Joaquim, Ryu, Ki Hyun (directors). (June 2, 2012). "When Extremes Meet". The Legend of Korra. Book One: Air. Episode 8. Nickelodeon.
  51. Hedrick, Tim (writer) & Graham, Ian (director). (December 19, 2014). "Day of the Colossus". The Legend of Korra. Book Four: Balance. Episode 12. Nick.com.
  52. DiMartino, Michael Dante (writer), Koh, Irene (artist), Piekos, Nate; Blambot (letterer), Campbell, Heather; Bak, Jane (cover), Ng, Killian (colorist). Turf Wars Part One (July 26, 2016), Dark Horse Comics.
  53. Avatar Legends: The Roleplaying Game. Core Book, Version 1.0, 2022, p. 83.
  54. DiMartino, Michael Dante, Konietzko, Bryan (writers) & Dos Santos, Joaquim, Ryu, Ki Hyun (directors). (June 9, 2012). "Out of the Past". The Legend of Korra. Book One: Air. Episode 9. Nickelodeon.
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